What does object layering allow in graphic design?

Object layering is a fundamental technique in graphic design that enables designers to separate and manage different elements of an image independently. By using layers, designers can stack items such as text, shapes, and images on top of each other, allowing for greater flexibility in manipulation without affecting other elements. This separation is crucial for editing, as it enables adjustments to be made to one layer without altering the others.

For instance, a graphic designer can change the color of text on one layer while keeping the background image on another layer intact. Additionally, layers can be rearranged, hidden, or locked, which provides a non-destructive way of working. This flexibility is especially beneficial in complex compositions where different elements interact visually.

The other options do not accurately reflect the purpose of object layering. Static images without elements do not utilize layering at all, permanently merging images would eliminate the benefits of layering, and adding sound effects pertains to multimedia editing rather than graphic design. Thus, the ability to separate different elements of an image is what solidifies object layering as an essential practice in the design process.